LIGO Document P2600018-v14
- We employ 236 gravitational-wave (GW) sources in the fifth LIGO Virgo KAGRA Collaboration (LVK) Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-5.0) to estimate the Hubble constant H0. We compare the luminosity distance measured from GWs to the redshift inferred i) using features in the mass spectrum, and ii) using statistical host galaxy association. Probing the relationship between source luminosity distances and redshifts obtained in this way yields constraints on cosmological parameters. We estimate H0 = 71.0+9.0−7.1 kms−1 Mpc−1 (median with 68% symmetric credible interval). This combines information from the source-frame mass distribution with the H0 measurement from GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart as well as galaxy catalog information from Dark Energy Survey Year 6 (DES-Y6). We improve over the GWTC-4.0 measurement by using more GW sources, some with significantly smaller sky localization volumes, which leads to a reduction by 25.7% of the H0 uncertainty and a reconstructed mass distribution with lower uncertainties. We also constrain deviations from general relativity (GR) which affect GW propagation, specifically that modify the dependence of GW signal on the source luminosity distance. We find no departures from GR in parametrized tests of GW propagation.
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